{"id":16731,"date":"2025-04-02T13:58:18","date_gmt":"2025-04-02T08:28:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/civileng.helashop.lk\/?page_id=16731"},"modified":"2025-08-05T12:28:53","modified_gmt":"2025-08-05T06:58:53","slug":"ce3070","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/eng.pdn.ac.lk\/civileng\/ce3070\/","title":{"rendered":"CE3070"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"16731\" class=\"elementor elementor-16731\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4fe3dcf e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"4fe3dcf\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-67e62510 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"67e62510\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<style>\r\n    table {\r\n        border: 1px solid black;\r\n        font-family: Verdana;\r\n        font-size: 12pt;\r\n        border-collapse: collapse;\r\n        width: 100%;\r\n    }\r\n    td, th {\r\n        border: 1px solid black;\r\n        padding: 5px;\r\n        text-align: left;\r\n    }\r\n    @media screen and (max-width: 600px) {\r\n        table {\r\n            display: block;\r\n            overflow-x: auto;\r\n            white-space: nowrap;\r\n        }\r\n    }\r\n<\/style>\r\n<table> <th\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"margin-top:1.85pt; font-size:12pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<strong><span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.1pt\">Semester:<\/span><\/strong>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<td colspan=\"8\" style=\"width:444.4pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"line-height:14.5pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size:12pt; letter-spacing:-0.5pt\">5<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t<tr style=\"height:22.05pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<td style=\"width:202.1pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"margin-top:3.75pt; font-size:12pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<strong>Course<\/strong><strong><span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.2pt\"> Code<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.2pt\">:<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<td colspan=\"8\" style=\"width:444.4pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"line-height:14.5pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size:12pt; letter-spacing:-0.1pt\">CE3070<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t<tr style=\"height:17.5pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<td style=\"width:202.1pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"margin-top:1.35pt; font-size:12pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<strong>Course<\/strong><strong><span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.2pt\"> Name<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.2pt\">:<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<td colspan=\"8\" style=\"width:444.4pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"line-height:14.5pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size:12pt\">Geotechnical<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt; letter-spacing:-0.05pt\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt\">Engineering<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt; letter-spacing:-0.35pt\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt\">and<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt; letter-spacing:-0.3pt\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt\">Design<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt; letter-spacing:-0.25pt\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt; letter-spacing:-0.5pt\">I<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t<tr style=\"height:16.5pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<td style=\"width:202.1pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"margin-top:0.85pt; font-size:12pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<strong>Credit<\/strong><strong><span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.05pt\"> <\/span><\/strong><strong><span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.1pt\">Value:<\/span><\/strong>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<td colspan=\"8\" style=\"width:444.4pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"line-height:14.5pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size:12pt\">3<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt; letter-spacing:-0.05pt\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt\">(Notional<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt; letter-spacing:-0.05pt\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt\">hours:<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt; letter-spacing:0.1pt\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt; letter-spacing:-0.2pt\">150)<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t<tr style=\"height:16.5pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<td style=\"width:202.1pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"margin-top:0.85pt; font-size:12pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<strong><span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.1pt\">Prerequisites:<\/span><\/strong>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<td colspan=\"8\" style=\"width:444.4pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"margin-top:0.15pt; font-size:12pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.1pt\">CE2140<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t<tr style=\"height:16.75pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<td style=\"width:202.1pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"margin-top:1.1pt; font-size:12pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<strong><span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.1pt\">Core\/Optional<\/span><\/strong>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<td colspan=\"8\" style=\"width:444.4pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"line-height:14.5pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size:12pt; letter-spacing:-0.2pt\">Core<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t<tr style=\"height:29.95pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<td rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width:202.1pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"line-height:14.5pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<strong><span style=\"font-size:12pt; \">Hourly<\/span><\/strong><strong><span style=\"font-size:12pt; letter-spacing:0.1pt\"> <\/span><\/strong><strong><span style=\"font-size:12pt; letter-spacing:-0.1pt\">Breakdown<\/span><\/strong>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<td colspan=\"2\" style=\"width:64.35pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"margin-top:0.05pt; margin-right:14.1pt; line-height:99%; font-size:12pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.1pt\">Lecture <\/span><span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.2pt\">hrs.<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<td style=\"width:69.35pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"margin-top:0.05pt; margin-left:5.2pt; line-height:99%; font-size:12pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.1pt\">Tutorial <\/span><span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.2pt\">hrs.<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<td colspan=\"2\" style=\"width:72.05pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"margin-top:0.05pt; margin-left:5.2pt; line-height:99%; font-size:12pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.1pt\">Practical <\/span><span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.2pt\">hrs.<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<td style=\"width:80.45pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"margin-top:0.05pt; margin-left:5.4pt; line-height:99%; font-size:12pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.1pt\">Assignment <\/span><span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.2pt\">hrs.<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<td colspan=\"2\" style=\"width:155.2pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"margin-top:0.05pt; margin-right:10.95pt; margin-left:5.1pt; line-height:99%; font-size:12pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tIndependent<span style=\"letter-spacing:-1.1pt\"> <\/span>Learning &amp; Assessment hrs.\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t<tr style=\"height:21.1pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<td colspan=\"2\" style=\"width:64.35pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"margin-left:0.7pt; text-align:center; line-height:14.55pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size:12pt; letter-spacing:-0.25pt\">35<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<td style=\"width:69.35pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"margin-left:0pt; text-align:center; line-height:14.55pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size:12pt; letter-spacing:-0.5pt\">4<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<td colspan=\"2\" style=\"width:72.05pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"margin-left:0pt; text-align:center; line-height:14.55pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size:12pt; letter-spacing:-0.5pt\">2<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<td style=\"width:80.45pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"margin-left:0.2pt; text-align:center; line-height:14.55pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size:12pt; letter-spacing:-0.25pt\">10<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<td colspan=\"2\" style=\"width:155.2pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"margin-right:0.05pt; margin-left:0pt; text-align:center; line-height:14.55pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size:12pt; letter-spacing:-0.25pt\">99<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t<tr style=\"height:232.05pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<td colspan=\"9\" style=\"width:647.25pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"margin-right:5.25pt; text-align:justify; font-size:12pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<strong>Course Aim: <\/strong>To impart knowledge on analysis and design of geotechnical structures such as retaining structures,<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.2pt\"> <\/span>shallow<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.1pt\"> <\/span>foundations<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.35pt\"> <\/span>and<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.15pt\"> <\/span>provisional<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.1pt\"> <\/span>structures,<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.2pt\"> <\/span>and<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.15pt\"> <\/span>conducting<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.35pt\"> <\/span>site<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.5pt\"> <\/span>investigations<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.15pt\"> <\/span>and<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.15pt\"> <\/span>ground <span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.1pt\">modifications.<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"margin-top:0.65pt; margin-left:0pt; font-size:12pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"margin-top:0.05pt; font-size:12pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<strong>Intended<\/strong><strong><span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.2pt\"> <\/span><\/strong><strong>Learning<\/strong><strong><span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.1pt\"> Outcomes<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.1pt\">:<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"margin-top:0.05pt; font-size:12pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tOn successful<span style=\"letter-spacing:0.2pt\"> <\/span>completion<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.25pt\"> <\/span>of the<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.05pt\"> <\/span>course,<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.5pt\"> <\/span>the<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.05pt\"> <\/span>students<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.1pt\"> <\/span>should<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.1pt\"> <\/span>be<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.05pt\"> <\/span>able <span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.25pt\">to;<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"margin-top:3.4pt; margin-right:16.5pt; margin-left:41.5pt; text-indent:-18pt; line-height:98%; font-size:12pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-family:'DejaVu Sans'\">\u27a2<\/span><span style=\"width:8.9pt; font:7pt 'Times New Roman'; display:inline-block\">&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0; <\/span><strong>analyze<\/strong><strong><span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.25pt\"> <\/span><\/strong>and<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.15pt\"> <\/span><strong>design<\/strong><strong><span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.35pt\"> <\/span><\/strong>internally<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.05pt\"> <\/span>and<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.15pt\"> <\/span>externally<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.05pt\"> <\/span>stabilized<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.4pt\"> <\/span>retaining<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.15pt\"> <\/span>structures<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.4pt\"> <\/span>using<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.15pt\"> <\/span>earth<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.3pt\"> <\/span>pressure theories conforming to Eurocode 7 (EC7).\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"margin-top:3.05pt; margin-left:41.4pt; text-indent:-17.9pt; font-size:12pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-family:'DejaVu Sans'\">\u27a2<\/span><span style=\"width:8.9pt; font:7pt 'Times New Roman'; display:inline-block\">&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0; <\/span><strong>analyze<\/strong><strong><span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.35pt\"> <\/span><\/strong>and<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.1pt\"> <\/span><strong>design<\/strong><strong><span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.05pt\"> <\/span><\/strong>shallow<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.05pt\"> <\/span>foundations<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.35pt\"> <\/span>in<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.05pt\"> <\/span>cohesive<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.05pt\"> <\/span>and<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.35pt\"> <\/span>cohesionless<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.1pt\"> <\/span>soils<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.1pt\"> <\/span>conforming<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.35pt\"> <\/span>to<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.15pt\"> <\/span><span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.2pt\">EC7.<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"margin-top:3.1pt; margin-right:16.8pt; margin-left:41.5pt; text-indent:-18pt; line-height:98%; font-size:12pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-family:'DejaVu Sans'\">\u27a2<\/span><span style=\"width:8.9pt; font:7pt 'Times New Roman'; display:inline-block\">&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0; <\/span><strong>organize<\/strong><strong><span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.2pt\"> <\/span><\/strong>and<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.2pt\"> <\/span><strong>perform<\/strong><strong><span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.2pt\"> <\/span><\/strong>a<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.2pt\"> <\/span>site<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.55pt\"> <\/span>investigation<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.35pt\"> <\/span>programme<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.15pt\"> <\/span>to<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.25pt\"> <\/span>obtain<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.1pt\"> <\/span>material<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.15pt\"> <\/span>profile<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.15pt\"> <\/span>and<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.2pt\"> <\/span>parameters required for design and <strong>propose <\/strong>appropriate ground modification methods where necessary.\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"margin-top:3.5pt; margin-right:9.75pt; margin-left:41.5pt; text-indent:-18pt; line-height:98%; font-size:12pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-family:'DejaVu Sans'\">\u27a2<\/span><span style=\"width:8.9pt; font:7pt 'Times New Roman'; display:inline-block\">&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0; <\/span><strong>analyze<\/strong><strong><span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.2pt\"> <\/span><\/strong>and<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.1pt\"> <\/span><strong>design<\/strong><strong><span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.05pt\"> <\/span><\/strong>provisional<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.05pt\"> <\/span>structures<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.1pt\"> <\/span>such as<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.35pt\"> <\/span>sheet<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.05pt\"> <\/span>pile<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.05pt\"> <\/span>walls<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.1pt\"> <\/span>and<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.1pt\"> <\/span>braced<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.35pt\"> <\/span>cuts<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.1pt\"> <\/span>conforming<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.1pt\"> <\/span>to <span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.2pt\">EC7.<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t<tr style=\"height:325.45pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<td colspan=\"9\" style=\"width:647.25pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"text-align:justify; line-height:14.55pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<strong><span style=\"font-size:12pt; \">Course<\/span><\/strong><strong><span style=\"font-size:12pt; letter-spacing:-0.1pt\"> Content:<\/span><\/strong>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"margin-top:3.3pt; margin-right:17.45pt; margin-left:41.5pt; text-indent:-18pt; text-align:justify; line-height:99%; font-size:12pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-family:'DejaVu Sans'\">\u27a2<\/span><span style=\"width:8.9pt; font:7pt 'Times New Roman'; display:inline-block\">&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0; <\/span><strong>Introduction to<\/strong><strong><span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.15pt\"> <\/span><\/strong><strong>Eurocode<\/strong><strong><span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.15pt\"> <\/span><\/strong><strong>7: <\/strong>Relevant<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.3pt\"> <\/span>codes,<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.05pt\"> <\/span>geotechnical risk,<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.05pt\"> <\/span>action and<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.25pt\"> <\/span>resistance,<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.2pt\"> <\/span>ultimate limit<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.05pt\"> <\/span>state;<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.1pt\"> <\/span>Different<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.5pt\"> <\/span>limit<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.25pt\"> <\/span>states,<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.4pt\"> <\/span>design<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.25pt\"> <\/span>approaches<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.1pt\"> <\/span>and<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.1pt\"> <\/span>partial<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.05pt\"> <\/span>factors,<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.15pt\"> <\/span>Serviceability<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.45pt\"> <\/span>limit<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.25pt\"> <\/span>state; Action and performance criteria.\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"margin-top:3.05pt; margin-right:27.45pt; margin-left:41.5pt; text-indent:-18pt; font-size:12pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-family:'DejaVu Sans'\">\u27a2<\/span><span style=\"width:8.9pt; font:7pt 'Times New Roman'; display:inline-block\">&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0; <\/span><strong>Lateral earth pressure &amp; retaining walls: <\/strong>Types of retaining structures, active and passive earth pressure,<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.05pt\"> <\/span>Rankine<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.15pt\"> <\/span>theory,<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.05pt\"> <\/span>Coulomb theory,<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.05pt\"> <\/span>stability analyses,<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.25pt\"> <\/span>detailing of<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.1pt\"> <\/span>retaining<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.25pt\"> <\/span>walls, internally<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.25pt\"> <\/span>stabilized<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.35pt\"> <\/span>walls;<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.25pt\"> <\/span>introduction,<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.35pt\"> <\/span>design criteria,<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.4pt\"> <\/span>methods<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.1pt\"> <\/span>of analyses,<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.35pt\"> <\/span>design<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.25pt\"> <\/span>of an earth retaining structure.\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"margin-top:3.15pt; margin-right:5.75pt; margin-left:41.5pt; text-indent:-18pt; line-height:99%; font-size:12pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-family:'DejaVu Sans'\">\u27a2<\/span><span style=\"width:8.9pt; font:7pt 'Times New Roman'; display:inline-block\">&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0; <\/span><strong>Shallow foundations: <\/strong>Foundation types, bearing capacity failure, bearing capacity theory, general bearing<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.3pt\"> <\/span>capacity<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.2pt\"> <\/span>equation<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.2pt\"> <\/span>for<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.1pt\"> <\/span>short-term and<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.55pt\"> <\/span>long-term<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.2pt\"> <\/span>loading,<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.3pt\"> <\/span>EC7<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.2pt\"> <\/span>guidelines<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.3pt\"> <\/span>for<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.1pt\"> <\/span>shallow foundation design, eccentric and inclined loading, elastic and consolidation settlement, use of computer software for analysis of shallow foundations, design of shallow foundations.\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"margin-top:3.4pt; margin-right:9.85pt; margin-left:41.5pt; text-indent:-18pt; line-height:99%; font-size:12pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-family:'DejaVu Sans'\">\u27a2<\/span><span style=\"width:8.9pt; font:7pt 'Times New Roman'; display:inline-block\">&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0; <\/span><strong>Site<\/strong><strong><span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.2pt\"> <\/span><\/strong><strong>investigation:<\/strong><strong><span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.1pt\"> <\/span><\/strong>Purpose<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.05pt\"> <\/span>of site<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.5pt\"> <\/span>investigation,<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.2pt\"> <\/span>direct<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.25pt\"> <\/span>methods<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.1pt\"> <\/span>of<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.1pt\"> <\/span>subsurface<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.3pt\"> <\/span>exploration,<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.25pt\"> <\/span>direct and indirect methods of site investigation, sampling and sampling methods, site investigation <span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.1pt\">report.<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"margin-top:3.5pt; margin-right:7.15pt; margin-left:41.5pt; text-indent:-18pt; line-height:98%; font-size:12pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-family:'DejaVu Sans'\">\u27a2<\/span><span style=\"width:8.9pt; font:7pt 'Times New Roman'; display:inline-block\">&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0; <\/span><strong>Ground<\/strong><strong><span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.25pt\"> <\/span><\/strong><strong>improvement:<\/strong><strong><span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.2pt\"> <\/span><\/strong>Introduction,<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.25pt\"> <\/span>different<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.2pt\"> <\/span>methods<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.25pt\"> <\/span>of<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.3pt\"> <\/span>ground<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.45pt\"> <\/span>improvement,<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.25pt\"> <\/span>mechanisms<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.25pt\"> <\/span>and limitations of different methods\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"margin-top:3.2pt; margin-right:17.2pt; margin-left:41.5pt; text-indent:-18pt; line-height:99%; font-size:12pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-family:'DejaVu Sans'\">\u27a2<\/span><span style=\"width:8.9pt; font:7pt 'Times New Roman'; display:inline-block\">&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0; <\/span><strong>Provisional structures: <\/strong>Sheet piles; Introduction, cantilevered and anchored sheet pile walls, methods<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.2pt\"> <\/span>of<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.3pt\"> <\/span>analyses,<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.2pt\"> <\/span>effect<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.15pt\"> <\/span>of<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.3pt\"> <\/span>water<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.25pt\"> <\/span>table,<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.25pt\"> <\/span>Braced<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.2pt\"> <\/span>excavations;<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.35pt\"> <\/span>Introduction,<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.25pt\"> <\/span>pressure<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.15pt\"> <\/span>envelopes for sand and clay, analysis and design of components, bottom heave.\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t<tr style=\"height:53.95pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<td colspan=\"9\" style=\"width:647.25pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"line-height:14.5pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<strong><span style=\"font-size:12pt; \">Teaching<\/span><\/strong><strong><span style=\"font-size:12pt; letter-spacing:-0.3pt\"> <\/span><\/strong><strong><span style=\"font-size:12pt; \">\/Learning<\/span><\/strong><strong><span style=\"font-size:12pt; letter-spacing:-0.3pt\"> <\/span><\/strong><strong><span style=\"font-size:12pt; letter-spacing:-0.1pt\">Methods:<\/span><\/strong>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"margin-top:0.15pt; margin-right:5.9pt; line-height:99%; font-size:12pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tClassroom<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.35pt\"> <\/span>lectures,<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.45pt\"> <\/span>tutorial discussions,<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.5pt\"> <\/span>supervised<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.45pt\"> <\/span>design<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.35pt\"> <\/span>exercises,<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.25pt\"> <\/span>software<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.15pt\"> <\/span>demonstrations, laboratory demonstrations\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t<tr style=\"height:21.35pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<td colspan=\"9\" style=\"width:647.25pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"line-height:14.5pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<strong><span style=\"font-size:12pt; \">Assessment<\/span><\/strong><strong><span style=\"font-size:12pt; letter-spacing:-0.15pt\"> <\/span><\/strong><strong><span style=\"font-size:12pt; letter-spacing:-0.1pt\">Strategy:<\/span><\/strong>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t<tr style=\"height:58.3pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<td colspan=\"2\" style=\"width:253.5pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"margin-right:0.15pt; margin-left:0.65pt; text-align:center; line-height:14.5pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size:12pt\">Continuous<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt; letter-spacing:-0.15pt\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt; letter-spacing:-0.1pt\">Assessment<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"margin-top:0.65pt; margin-left:0pt; font-size:12pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"margin-left:0.65pt; text-align:center; font-size:12pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.25pt\">40%<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<td colspan=\"7\" style=\"width:393pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"margin-right:0.1pt; margin-left:0.35pt; text-align:center; line-height:14.5pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size:12pt\">Final<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt; letter-spacing:-0.05pt\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt; letter-spacing:-0.1pt\">Assessment<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"margin-top:0.65pt; margin-left:0pt; font-size:12pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"margin-left:0.35pt; text-align:center; font-size:12pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.25pt\">60%<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t<tr style=\"height:55.65pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<td colspan=\"2\" style=\"width:253.5pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"line-height:14.5pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size:12pt; letter-spacing:-0.1pt\">Details:<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"margin-top:0.05pt; line-height:14.5pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size:12pt; letter-spacing:-0.1pt\">Quizzes<\/span><span style=\"width:80.41pt; font-size:12pt; display:inline-block\">&#xa0;<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt; letter-spacing:-0.25pt\">30%<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"line-height:14.5pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size:12pt\">Design<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt; letter-spacing:-0.1pt\"> reports<\/span><span style=\"width:33.64pt; font-size:12pt; display:inline-block\">&#xa0;<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt; letter-spacing:-0.25pt\">10%<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<td colspan=\"3\" style=\"width:124.35pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"margin-left:0.7pt; text-align:center; line-height:14.5pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size:12pt\">Theory <\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt; letter-spacing:-0.25pt\">(%)<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"margin-top:0.65pt; margin-left:0pt; font-size:12pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"margin-right:0.05pt; margin-left:0.7pt; text-align:center; font-size:12pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.25pt\">60<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<td colspan=\"3\" style=\"width:142.25pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"margin-left:0.55pt; text-align:center; line-height:14.5pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size:12pt\">Practical<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt; letter-spacing:-0.2pt\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt; letter-spacing:-0.25pt\">(%)<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"margin-top:0.65pt; margin-left:0pt; font-size:12pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"margin-right:0.45pt; margin-left:0.55pt; text-align:center; font-size:12pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.5pt\">-<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<td style=\"width:124.9pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"margin-right:0.05pt; margin-left:0.1pt; text-align:center; line-height:14.5pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size:12pt\">Other <\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt; letter-spacing:-0.25pt\">(%)<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"margin-top:0.65pt; margin-left:0pt; font-size:12pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"margin-right:0.1pt; margin-left:0.05pt; text-align:center; font-size:12pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.5pt\">-<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t<tr style=\"height:203.75pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<td colspan=\"9\" style=\"width:647.25pt; border:0.75pt solid #000000; vertical-align:top\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"line-height:14.55pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<strong><span style=\"font-size:12pt; \">Recommended<\/span><\/strong><strong><span style=\"font-size:12pt; letter-spacing:-0.6pt\"> <\/span><\/strong><strong><span style=\"font-size:12pt; letter-spacing:-0.1pt\">Reading<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size:12pt; letter-spacing:-0.1pt\">:<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"margin-top:3.15pt; margin-left:41.4pt; text-indent:-17.9pt; font-size:12pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-family:'DejaVu Sans'\">\u27a2<\/span><span style=\"width:8.9pt; font:7pt 'Times New Roman'; display:inline-block\">&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0; <\/span>Das,<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.2pt\"> <\/span>B.M.,<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.15pt\"> <\/span>&amp;<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.15pt\"> <\/span>Sivakugan,<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.15pt\"> <\/span>N.<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.15pt\"> <\/span>(2017).<span style=\"letter-spacing:0.15pt\"> <\/span><em>Principles<\/em><em><span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.1pt\"> <\/span><\/em><em>of<\/em><em><span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.2pt\"> <\/span><\/em><em>Foundation Engineering<\/em>,<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.15pt\"> <\/span>9<span style=\"font-size:8pt; vertical-align:4pt\">th<\/span><span style=\"font-size:8pt; letter-spacing:1.1pt; vertical-align:4pt\"> <\/span>edn,<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.15pt\"> <\/span><span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.1pt\">Cengage.<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"margin-top:2.9pt; margin-left:41.4pt; text-indent:-17.9pt; font-size:12pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-family:'DejaVu Sans'\">\u27a2<\/span><span style=\"width:8.9pt; font:7pt 'Times New Roman'; display:inline-block\">&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0; <\/span>Jie<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.2pt\"> <\/span>Han.<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.25pt\"> <\/span>(2015).<span style=\"letter-spacing:0.15pt\"> <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Principles-Practice-Ground-Improvement-Jie-ebook\/dp\/B00YEJH2TK\/ref%3Dsr_1_1?keywords=ground%2Bimprovement&amp;qid=1639933196&amp;s=books&amp;sr=1-1\" style=\"text-decoration:none\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em><span style=\"color:#000000\">Principles and<\/span><\/em><em><span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.3pt; color:#000000\"> <\/span><\/em><em><span style=\"color:#000000\">Practice<\/span><\/em><em><span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.15pt; color:#000000\"> <\/span><\/em><em><span style=\"color:#000000\">of<\/span><\/em><em><span style=\"letter-spacing:0.1pt; color:#000000\"> <\/span><\/em><em><span style=\"color:#000000\">Ground Improvement<\/span><\/em><\/a>,<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.3pt\"> <\/span>1<span style=\"font-size:8pt; vertical-align:4pt\">st<\/span><span style=\"font-size:8pt; letter-spacing:1.4pt; vertical-align:4pt\"> <\/span>edn,<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.25pt\"> <\/span><span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.1pt\">Wiley.<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"margin-top:3.1pt; margin-right:5.4pt; margin-left:41.5pt; text-indent:-18pt; line-height:98%; font-size:12pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-family:'DejaVu Sans'\">\u27a2<\/span><span style=\"width:8.9pt; font:7pt 'Times New Roman'; display:inline-block\">&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0; <\/span>Smith,<span style=\"letter-spacing:2pt\"> <\/span>I.<span style=\"letter-spacing:2pt\"> <\/span>(2014).<span style=\"letter-spacing:2pt\"> <\/span><em>Smith\u2019s<\/em><em><span style=\"letter-spacing:2pt\"> <\/span><\/em><em>Element<\/em><em><span style=\"letter-spacing:2pt\"> <\/span><\/em><em>of<\/em><em><span style=\"letter-spacing:2pt\"> <\/span><\/em><em>Soil<\/em><em><span style=\"letter-spacing:2pt\"> <\/span><\/em><em>Mechanics<\/em><em><span style=\"letter-spacing:2pt\"> <\/span><\/em><em>(Design<\/em><em><span style=\"letter-spacing:2pt\"> <\/span><\/em><em>to<\/em><em><span style=\"letter-spacing:2pt\"> <\/span><\/em><em>Eurocode)<\/em>,<span style=\"letter-spacing:2pt\"> <\/span>9<span style=\"line-height:98%; font-size:8pt; vertical-align:4pt\">th<\/span><span style=\"line-height:98%; font-size:8pt; letter-spacing:4pt; vertical-align:4pt\"> <\/span>edn,<span style=\"letter-spacing:2pt\"> <\/span>Blackwell <span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.1pt\">publishing.<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"margin-top:3.25pt; margin-left:41.4pt; text-indent:-17.9pt; font-size:12pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-family:'DejaVu Sans'\">\u27a2<\/span><span style=\"width:8.9pt; font:7pt 'Times New Roman'; display:inline-block\">&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0; <\/span>Robert,<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.2pt\"> <\/span>M.K.<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.15pt\"> <\/span>(2012).<span style=\"letter-spacing:0.05pt\"> <\/span><em>Designing<\/em><em><span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.35pt\"> <\/span><\/em><em>with geosynthetics<\/em>,<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.35pt\"> <\/span>6<span style=\"font-size:8pt; vertical-align:4pt\">th<\/span><span style=\"font-size:8pt; letter-spacing:3pt; vertical-align:4pt\"> <\/span>edn,<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.15pt\"> <\/span>Prentice<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.25pt\"> <\/span><span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.1pt\">Hall.<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"margin-top:2.85pt; margin-left:41.4pt; text-indent:-17.9pt; font-size:12pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-family:'DejaVu Sans'\">\u27a2<\/span><span style=\"width:8.9pt; font:7pt 'Times New Roman'; display:inline-block\">&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0; <\/span>Coduto,<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.25pt\"> <\/span>D.P.<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.15pt\"> <\/span>(2011).<span style=\"letter-spacing:0.1pt\"> <\/span><em>Geotechnical<\/em><em><span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.3pt\"> <\/span><\/em><em>Engineering: principles<\/em><em><span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.35pt\"> <\/span><\/em><em>and<\/em><em><span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.05pt\"> <\/span><\/em><em>practices<\/em>,<span style=\"letter-spacing:3.8pt\"> <\/span>2<span style=\"font-size:8pt; vertical-align:4pt\">nd<\/span><span style=\"font-size:8pt; letter-spacing:1.2pt; vertical-align:4pt\"> <\/span>edn,<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.1pt\"> Pearson.<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"margin-top:2.9pt; margin-left:41.4pt; text-indent:-17.9pt; font-size:12pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-family:'DejaVu Sans'\">\u27a2<\/span><span style=\"width:8.9pt; font:7pt 'Times New Roman'; display:inline-block\">&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0; <\/span>EN<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.75pt\"> <\/span>1997-2:2007,<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.55pt\"> <\/span><em>Eurocode<\/em><em><span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.5pt\"> <\/span><\/em><em>7<\/em><em><span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.4pt\"> <\/span><\/em><em>-<\/em><em><span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.5pt\"> <\/span><\/em><em>Geotechnical<\/em><em><span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.5pt\"> <\/span><\/em><em>design<\/em><em><span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.35pt\"> <\/span><\/em><em>-<\/em><em><span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.45pt\"> <\/span><\/em><em>Part<\/em><em><span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.5pt\"> <\/span><\/em><em>2:<\/em><em><span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.5pt\"> <\/span><\/em><em>Ground<\/em><em><span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.55pt\"> <\/span><\/em><em>investigation<\/em><em><span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.5pt\"> <\/span><\/em><em>and<\/em><em><span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.6pt\"> <\/span><\/em><em>testing<\/em>,<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.55pt\"> <\/span><span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.2pt\">CEN.<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"margin-top:3.1pt; margin-right:4.8pt; margin-left:41.5pt; text-indent:-18pt; line-height:98%; font-size:12pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-family:'DejaVu Sans'\">\u27a2<\/span><span style=\"width:8.9pt; font:7pt 'Times New Roman'; display:inline-block\">&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0; <\/span>Robert, W.D. (1999). <em>Geotechnical and foundation engineering: design &amp; constructions<\/em>, McGraw- <span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.1pt\">Hill.<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"margin-top:3.05pt; margin-left:41.4pt; text-indent:-17.9pt; font-size:12pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-family:'DejaVu Sans'\">\u27a2<\/span><span style=\"width:8.9pt; font:7pt 'Times New Roman'; display:inline-block\">&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0; <\/span>Bowles,<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.15pt\"> <\/span>J.E.<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.15pt\"> <\/span>(1997).<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.15pt\"> <\/span><em>Foundation analysis<\/em><em><span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.1pt\"> <\/span><\/em><em>and<\/em><em><span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.1pt\"> <\/span><\/em><em>design<\/em>,<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.15pt\"> <\/span>5<span style=\"font-size:8pt; vertical-align:4pt\">th<\/span><span style=\"font-size:8pt; letter-spacing:1.35pt; vertical-align:4pt\"> <\/span>edn,<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.15pt\"> <\/span>McGraw<span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.3pt\"> <\/span><span style=\"letter-spacing:-0.1pt\">Hill.<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"TableParagraph\" style=\"margin-top:2.85pt; margin-left:41.4pt; text-indent:-17.9pt; line-height:13.95pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"font-size:12pt\"><span style=\"font-family:'DejaVu Sans'\">\u27a2<\/span><\/span><span style=\"width:8.9pt; font:7pt 'Times New Roman'; display:inline-block\">&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0;&#xa0; <\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt\">Plaxis<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt; letter-spacing:-0.15pt\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt\">Version<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt; letter-spacing:-0.25pt\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt\">8,<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt; letter-spacing:-0.2pt\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt\">Reference<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt; letter-spacing:-0.05pt\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt\">and<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt; letter-spacing:-0.35pt\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt\">tutorial<\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt; letter-spacing:-0.25pt\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-size:12pt; letter-spacing:-0.1pt\">manuals.<\/span>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t<tr style=\"height:0pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<td style=\"width:202.85pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<td style=\"width:51.4pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<td style=\"width:13.7pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<td style=\"width:70.1pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<td style=\"width:41.3pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<td style=\"width:31.5pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<td style=\"width:81.2pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<td style=\"width:30.3pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<td style=\"width:125.65pt\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t<\/table>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-16731","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eng.pdn.ac.lk\/civileng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/16731","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eng.pdn.ac.lk\/civileng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eng.pdn.ac.lk\/civileng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eng.pdn.ac.lk\/civileng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eng.pdn.ac.lk\/civileng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16731"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/eng.pdn.ac.lk\/civileng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/16731\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eng.pdn.ac.lk\/civileng\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16731"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}